{"id":4518,"date":"2026-02-05T16:51:20","date_gmt":"2026-02-05T13:51:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dchost.com\/blog\/mautic-ve-listmonku-vps-uzerinde-barindirmak\/"},"modified":"2026-02-05T16:51:20","modified_gmt":"2026-02-05T13:51:20","slug":"mautic-ve-listmonku-vps-uzerinde-barindirmak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dchost.com\/blog\/mautic-ve-listmonku-vps-uzerinde-barindirmak\/","title":{"rendered":"Mautic ve Listmonk\u2019u VPS \u00dczerinde Bar\u0131nd\u0131rmak"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"dchost-blog-content-wrapper\"><div id=\"toc_container\" class=\"toc_transparent no_bullets\"><p class=\"toc_title\">\u0130&ccedil;indekiler<\/p><ul class=\"toc_list\"><li><a href=\"#Mautic_ve_Listmonku_Neden_Kendi_VPSinizde_Barindirmalisiniz\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">1<\/span> Mautic ve Listmonk\u2019u Neden Kendi VPS\u2019inizde Bar\u0131nd\u0131rmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Mautic_ve_Listmonkun_Teknik_Mimarisi_VPSe_Nasil_Oturur\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">2<\/span> Mautic ve Listmonk\u2019un Teknik Mimarisi: VPS\u2019e Nas\u0131l Oturur?<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Temel_bilesenler\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_2\">2.1<\/span> Temel bile\u015fenler<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Tek_VPS_senaryosu_kucuk_ve_orta_olcekli_listeler\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_2\">2.2<\/span> Tek VPS senaryosu (k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve orta \u00f6l\u00e7ekli listeler)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Uygulama_ve_eposta_altyapisini_ayirmak_buyuyen_hacimler\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_2\">2.3<\/span> Uygulama ve e\u2011posta altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ay\u0131rmak (b\u00fcy\u00fcyen hacimler)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Kaynak_Planlama_Mautic_ve_Listmonk_Icin_Kac_vCPU_Ne_Kadar_RAM\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">3<\/span> Kaynak Planlama: Mautic ve Listmonk \u0130\u00e7in Ka\u00e7 vCPU, Ne Kadar RAM?<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Ornek_boyutlandirma_senaryolari\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_2\">3.1<\/span> \u00d6rnek boyutland\u0131rma senaryolar\u0131<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#RAM_ve_CPU_tuketimini_etkileyen_faktorler\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_2\">3.2<\/span> RAM ve CPU t\u00fcketimini etkileyen fakt\u00f6rler<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Teslim_Edilebilirlik_SPF_DKIM_DMARC_PTR_ve_IP_Itibari\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">4<\/span> Teslim Edilebilirlik: SPF, DKIM, DMARC, PTR ve IP \u0130tibar\u0131<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#SPF_DKIM_ve_DMARC_zorunlu_hale_geldi\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_2\">4.1<\/span> SPF, DKIM ve DMARC zorunlu hale geldi<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#PTR_Reverse_DNS_ve_HELOEHLO_uyumu\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_2\">4.2<\/span> PTR (Reverse DNS) ve HELO\/EHLO uyumu<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Dedicated_IP_ve_IP_isitma_IP_warming\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_2\">4.3<\/span> Dedicated IP ve IP \u0131s\u0131tma (IP warming)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Spam_klasorunu_tetikleyen_yaygin_hatalar\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_2\">4.4<\/span> Spam klas\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc tetikleyen yayg\u0131n hatalar<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Kendi_SMTP_Sunucunuzu_Kurmak_mi_Harici_Servis_mi\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">5<\/span> Kendi SMTP Sunucunuzu Kurmak m\u0131, Harici Servis mi?<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Kendi_Postfix_sunucunuz_tam_kontrol_daha_cok_sorumluluk\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_2\">5.1<\/span> Kendi Postfix sunucunuz (tam kontrol, daha \u00e7ok sorumluluk)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Harici_SMTP_servisi_daha_az_operasyon_daha_yuksek_birim_maliyet\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_2\">5.2<\/span> Harici SMTP servisi (daha az operasyon, daha y\u00fcksek birim maliyet)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Kurulum_Yaklasimi_Paket_Kurulum_mu_Docker_mi\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">6<\/span> Kurulum Yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131: Paket Kurulum mu, Docker m\u0131?<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#1_Dagitim_paketleriyle_klasik_kurulum\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_2\">6.1<\/span> 1) Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m paketleriyle klasik kurulum<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2_Docker_tabanli_kurulum\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_2\">6.2<\/span> 2) Docker tabanl\u0131 kurulum<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3_Yonetilen_kurulum_ve_bakim_Managed_VPS\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_2\">6.3<\/span> 3) Y\u00f6netilen kurulum ve bak\u0131m (Managed VPS)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Guvenlik_MauticListmonk_Kurulumunu_Nasil_Sertlestirirsiniz\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">7<\/span> G\u00fcvenlik: Mautic\/Listmonk Kurulumunu Nas\u0131l Sertle\u015ftirirsiniz?<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Ag_ve_erisim_guvenligi\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_2\">7.1<\/span> A\u011f ve eri\u015fim g\u00fcvenli\u011fi<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#HTTPS_ve_modern_TLS_ayarlari\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_2\">7.2<\/span> HTTPS ve modern TLS ayarlar\u0131<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Gizli_anahtarlar_ve_env_yonetimi\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_2\">7.3<\/span> Gizli anahtarlar ve .env y\u00f6netimi<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Bakim_Guncellemeler_ve_Yedekleme_Stratejisi\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">8<\/span> Bak\u0131m, G\u00fcncellemeler ve Yedekleme Stratejisi<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Uygulama_ve_sistem_guncellemeleri\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_2\">8.1<\/span> Uygulama ve sistem g\u00fcncellemeleri<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Veritabani_ve_dosya_yedekleri\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_2\">8.2<\/span> Veritaban\u0131 ve dosya yedekleri<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ajanslar_ve_SaaS_Projeleri_Icin_MultiTenant_Senaryolar\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">9<\/span> Ajanslar ve SaaS Projeleri \u0130\u00e7in Multi\u2011Tenant Senaryolar<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Tek_uygulama_cok_alan_adi\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_2\">9.1<\/span> Tek uygulama, \u00e7ok alan ad\u0131<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Kaynak_izolasyonu_ve_limitler\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_2\">9.2<\/span> Kaynak izolasyonu ve limitler<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#DCHost_Uzerinde_Onerilen_Mimariler\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">10<\/span> DCHost \u00dczerinde \u00d6nerilen Mimariler<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#1_BaslangicKOBI_mimarisi\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_2\">10.1<\/span> 1) Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7\/KOB\u0130 mimarisi<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2_Buyuyen_projeler_icin_ayrismis_mimari\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_2\">10.2<\/span> 2) B\u00fcy\u00fcyen projeler i\u00e7in ayr\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f mimari<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3_Cok_buyuk_hacimli_ve_kritik_sistemler_icin_dedicatedcolocation\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_2\">10.3<\/span> 3) \u00c7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck hacimli ve kritik sistemler i\u00e7in dedicated\/colocation<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ozet_ve_Sonraki_Adimlar\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">11<\/span> \u00d6zet ve Sonraki Ad\u0131mlar<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"Mautic_ve_Listmonku_Neden_Kendi_VPSinizde_Barindirmalisiniz\">Mautic ve Listmonk\u2019u Neden Kendi <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dchost.com\/tr\/vps\">VPS<\/a>\u2019inizde Bar\u0131nd\u0131rmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>E\u2011posta pazarlama hacmi b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fck\u00e7e iki konu kritik hale geliyor: maliyet ve kontrol. Haz\u0131r SaaS ara\u00e7lar ilk a\u015famada pratik g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de, on binlerce ya da y\u00fcz binlerce aboneli listelerde maliyet h\u0131zla art\u0131yor, veri egemenli\u011fi ve KVKK\/GPDR uyumu taraf\u0131nda da soru i\u015faretleri olu\u015fuyor. Tam bu noktada Mautic ve Listmonk gibi <strong>self\u2011hosted e\u2011posta pazarlama ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 bir VPS \u00fczerinde bar\u0131nd\u0131rmak<\/strong> hem finansal hem de teknik a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir alternatif haline geliyor.<\/p>\n<p>DCHost taraf\u0131nda farkl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7eklerde m\u00fc\u015fterilerle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z kapasite analizlerinde, \u00f6zellikle d\u00fczenli b\u00fclten, kampanya ve otomasyon senaryolar\u0131nda kendi e\u2011posta altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kuranlar\u0131n:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ayn\u0131 hacimde g\u00f6nderimi, SaaS alternatiflerine g\u00f6re \u00e7ok daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131,<\/li>\n<li>M\u00fc\u015fteri verilerini kendi kontrol ettikleri sunucularda tutabildiklerini,<\/li>\n<li>Teslim edilebilirlik (deliverability) taraf\u0131nda, do\u011fru yap\u0131land\u0131rma ile en az kurumsal servisler kadar iyi sonu\u00e7lar ald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Elbette bu \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn bir bedeli var: sunucuyu, g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, DNS\u2019i ve IP itibar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru y\u00f6netmek. Bu yaz\u0131da Mautic ve Listmonk\u2019u <strong>DCHost VPS veya <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dchost.com\/tr\/fiziksel-sunucu\">dedicated sunucu<\/a> \u00fczerinde, \u00fcretim ortam\u0131na yak\u0131\u015f\u0131r \u015fekilde<\/strong> kurmak i\u00e7in izlemeniz gereken teknik yol haritas\u0131n\u0131 ad\u0131m ad\u0131m toparlayaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Mautic_ve_Listmonkun_Teknik_Mimarisi_VPSe_Nasil_Oturur\">Mautic ve Listmonk\u2019un Teknik Mimarisi: VPS\u2019e Nas\u0131l Oturur?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u00d6nce bu iki arac\u0131n nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabaca anlamak, do\u011fru VPS mimarisini kurmay\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Temel_bilesenler\">Temel bile\u015fenler<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Uygulama katman\u0131<\/strong><br \/>Mautic, PHP tabanl\u0131 bir uygulamad\u0131r ve tipik olarak Nginx\/Apache + PHP\u2011FPM \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Listmonk ise Go ile yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve tek bir binary servis olarak aya\u011fa kalkar. Her ikisi de HTTP \u00fczerinden y\u00f6netim paneli sunar.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Veritaban\u0131<\/strong><br \/>Mautic i\u00e7in MySQL\/MariaDB veya PostgreSQL, Listmonk i\u00e7in PostgreSQL kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Y\u00fck\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131 raporlama, izleme ve segmentleme sorgular\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><strong>E\u2011posta g\u00f6nderim katman\u0131 (MTA veya SMTP)<\/strong><br \/>Uygulamalar do\u011frudan SMTP konu\u015fur. Burada \u00fc\u00e7 se\u00e7enek vard\u0131r:\n<ul>\n<li>Kendi MTA\u2019n\u0131z\u0131 (\u00f6rn. Postfix) VPS \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak,<\/li>\n<li>Ayr\u0131 bir mail VPS\u2019i veya dedicated sunucu kullanmak,<\/li>\n<li>Harici bir SMTP servisine ba\u011flanmak.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0130ste\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131 bile\u015fenler<\/strong><br \/>Queue\/cron i\u015fleri, izleme ve loglama ara\u00e7lar\u0131 (Netdata, Prometheus, Loki vb.), redis benzeri \u00f6nbellek sistemleri y\u00fck artt\u0131k\u00e7a devreye girer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"Tek_VPS_senaryosu_kucuk_ve_orta_olcekli_listeler\">Tek VPS senaryosu (k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve orta \u00f6l\u00e7ekli listeler)<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>10.000\u2013100.000 abone band\u0131nda, ayl\u0131k 50.000\u2013500.000 aras\u0131 e\u2011posta g\u00f6nderimi yapan tipik bir KOB\u0130 i\u00e7in tek bir g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc VPS \u00e7o\u011fu zaman yeterlidir. Bu senaryoda:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Web uygulamas\u0131 (Mautic\/Listmonk),<\/li>\n<li>Veritaban\u0131 (MariaDB\/PostgreSQL),<\/li>\n<li>K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck hacimler i\u00e7in hafif bir Postfix sunucusu veya harici SMTP entegrasyonu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>ayn\u0131 VPS \u00fczerinde tutulabilir. \u00d6zellikle ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 a\u015famas\u0131nda, y\u00f6netim ve maliyet a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bu mimari olduk\u00e7a pratiktir.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Uygulama_ve_eposta_altyapisini_ayirmak_buyuyen_hacimler\">Uygulama ve e\u2011posta altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ay\u0131rmak (b\u00fcy\u00fcyen hacimler)<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Ayl\u0131k milyonlarca e\u2011postaya \u00e7\u0131kan SaaS projelerinde ya da b\u00fcy\u00fck e\u2011ticaret sitelerinde ise iki \u00f6nemli gereksinim \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>IP itibar\u0131n\u0131 korumak ve <strong>e\u2011posta altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ayr\u0131 izole etmek<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li>Veritaban\u0131 ve raporlama sorgular\u0131 i\u00e7in daha fazla IOPS ve RAM sa\u011flamak.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu seviyede genellikle a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki mimari tercih ediliyor:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>VPS #1: Mautic\/Listmonk uygulamas\u0131 + web sunucusu<\/li>\n<li>VPS #2: Veritaban\u0131 (PostgreSQL\/MariaDB) \u2013 y\u00fcksek IOPS, NVMe disk<\/li>\n<li>VPS #3: Postfix tabanl\u0131 e\u2011posta sunucusu (birden fazla IP, rDNS, rate limit ayarl\u0131)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu tarz ayr\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f mimarilerin art\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ve eksilerini, veritaban\u0131 taraf\u0131nda y\u00fcksek eri\u015filebilirlik \u00f6rnekleriyle birlikte g\u00f6rmek isterseniz <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dchost.com\/blog\/mysql-ve-postgresql-replikasyon-kurulumu-ile-vps-uzerinde-yuksek-erisilebilirlik\/\">MySQL ve PostgreSQL replikasyon rehberimizi<\/a> mutlaka inceleyin.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Kaynak_Planlama_Mautic_ve_Listmonk_Icin_Kac_vCPU_Ne_Kadar_RAM\">Kaynak Planlama: Mautic ve Listmonk \u0130\u00e7in Ka\u00e7 vCPU, Ne Kadar RAM?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u00c7o\u011fu e\u2011posta pazarlama projesinde ilk soru \u015fu oluyor: \u201cBu sistem i\u00e7in ka\u00e7 \u00e7ekirdek, ne kadar RAM laz\u0131m?\u201d Burada kritik metrik yaln\u0131zca abone say\u0131s\u0131 de\u011fil; <strong>saatlik\/ g\u00fcnl\u00fck g\u00f6nderim h\u0131z\u0131<\/strong> ve kampanya karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Ornek_boyutlandirma_senaryolari\">\u00d6rnek boyutland\u0131rma senaryolar\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki de\u011ferler DCHost ortam\u0131nda g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz ger\u00e7ek kullan\u0131mlardan yola \u00e7\u0131karak haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f ortalama \u00f6nerilerdir; uygulama optimizasyonuna g\u00f6re a\u015fa\u011f\u0131\/yukar\u0131 oynayabilir.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Senaryo 1 \u2013 K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck liste (5.000\u201320.000 abone)<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Ayl\u0131k g\u00f6nderim: 10.000\u201350.000 e\u2011posta<\/li>\n<li>\u00d6nerilen VPS: 2 vCPU, 4 GB RAM, 80\u2013100 GB NVMe disk<\/li>\n<li>Mimari: Uygulama + veritaban\u0131 ayn\u0131 VPS, harici SMTP veya hafif Postfix<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Senaryo 2 \u2013 Orta \u00f6l\u00e7ekli liste (50.000\u2013200.000 abone)<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Ayl\u0131k g\u00f6nderim: 100.000\u20131.000.000 e\u2011posta<\/li>\n<li>\u00d6nerilen VPS: 4 vCPU, 8 GB RAM, 150\u2013200 GB NVMe disk<\/li>\n<li>Mimari: Uygulama + veritaban\u0131 ayn\u0131 VPS ile ba\u015flanabilir; g\u00f6nderim art\u0131nca veritaban\u0131 ayr\u0131 VPS\u2019e ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Senaryo 3 \u2013 B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ek (200.000+ abone, milyonlarca g\u00f6nderim)<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Ayl\u0131k g\u00f6nderim: 1\u201310+ milyon e\u2011posta<\/li>\n<li>\u00d6nerilen altyap\u0131: 2\u20133 VPS veya dedicated sunucu:\n<ul>\n<li>Uygulama: 4\u20138 vCPU, 8\u201316 GB RAM<\/li>\n<li>Veritaban\u0131: 8 vCPU, 16\u201332 GB RAM, y\u00fcksek IOPS NVMe<\/li>\n<li>Mail sunucusu: 4\u20138 vCPU, 8\u201316 GB RAM, birden fazla dedicated IP<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>NVMe gibi h\u0131zl\u0131 disklerle gecikmeyi azaltmak ve raporlama sorgular\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131rmak, hem Mautic hem de Listmonk i\u00e7in ciddi konfor sa\u011fl\u0131yor. DCHost taraf\u0131nda <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dchost.com\/blog\/nvme-vps-hosting-rehberi-hizin-nereden-geldigini-nasil-olculdugunu-ve-gercek-sonuclari-beraber-gorelim\/\">NVMe VPS performans \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerini detayl\u0131 anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z yaz\u0131<\/a>, disk taraf\u0131ndaki fark\u0131 rakamlarla g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in iyi bir kaynak.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"RAM_ve_CPU_tuketimini_etkileyen_faktorler\">RAM ve CPU t\u00fcketimini etkileyen fakt\u00f6rler<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Karma\u015f\u0131k segmentler, dinamik i\u00e7erik ve \u00e7ok ad\u0131ml\u0131 otomasyonlar CPU y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc art\u0131r\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Geni\u015f raporlama filtreleri ve ge\u00e7mi\u015f veriyi uzun s\u00fcre saklamak RAM ve disk kullan\u0131m\u0131 olu\u015fturur.<\/li>\n<li>Listmonk, Go tabanl\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in ayn\u0131 hacimde Mautic\u2019e g\u00f6re daha az kaynak t\u00fcketebilir; ancak veritaban\u0131 taraf\u0131 her ikisinde de ciddi y\u00fck alt\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Kurulum sonras\u0131, kaynak kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenli takip etmek i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dchost.com\/blog\/vps-kaynak-kullanimi-izleme-rehberi-htop-iotop-netdata-ve-prometheus\/\">VPS kaynak kullan\u0131m\u0131 izleme rehberimizde anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z htop, Netdata ve Prometheus gibi ara\u00e7lar\u0131<\/a> devreye alman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6neririz.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Teslim_Edilebilirlik_SPF_DKIM_DMARC_PTR_ve_IP_Itibari\">Teslim Edilebilirlik: SPF, DKIM, DMARC, PTR ve IP \u0130tibar\u0131<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Mautic veya Listmonk\u2019u ba\u015far\u0131yla kurmak tek ba\u015f\u0131na yetmez; esas sava\u015f, e\u2011postalar\u0131n <strong>Inbox m\u0131, Spam m\u0131<\/strong> klas\u00f6r\u00fcne d\u00fc\u015fece\u011fi yerde ba\u015flar. Burada \u00fc\u00e7 temel katman var:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>DNS ve do\u011frulama kay\u0131tlar\u0131,<\/li>\n<li>IP ve domain itibar\u0131,<\/li>\n<li>\u0130\u00e7erik kalitesi ve al\u0131c\u0131 etkile\u015fimi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"SPF_DKIM_ve_DMARC_zorunlu_hale_geldi\">SPF, DKIM ve DMARC zorunlu hale geldi<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>G\u00fcncel pratikte ciddi hi\u00e7bir g\u00f6nderim bu \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olmadan sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131yor. Alan ad\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n DNS\u2019inde \u015fu kay\u0131tlar\u0131n tan\u0131ml\u0131 oldu\u011fundan emin olmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>SPF (TXT kayd\u0131):<\/strong> Hangi sunucular\u0131n o alan ad\u0131 ad\u0131na e\u2011posta g\u00f6ndermeye yetkili oldu\u011funu belirtir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>DKIM (TXT kayd\u0131):<\/strong> G\u00f6nderilen e\u2011postalar\u0131 kriptografik olarak imzalayarak i\u00e7erik b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve kaynak do\u011frulamas\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n<li><strong>DMARC (TXT kayd\u0131):<\/strong> SPF\/DKIM do\u011frulamas\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z oldu\u011funda al\u0131c\u0131 sunucunun ne yapmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini tarif eder (none\/quarantine\/reject).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu ayarlar\u0131n mant\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve cPanel\/VPS \u00fczerinde nas\u0131l kuruldu\u011funu ad\u0131m ad\u0131m g\u00f6rmek isterseniz <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dchost.com\/blog\/spf-dkim-ve-dmarc-nedir-ozel-alan-adi-ile-e-posta-dogrulamasini-cpanel-ve-vpste-sifirdan-kurmak\/\">SPF, DKIM ve DMARC rehberimize<\/a> mutlaka g\u00f6z at\u0131n.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"PTR_Reverse_DNS_ve_HELOEHLO_uyumu\">PTR (Reverse DNS) ve HELO\/EHLO uyumu<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Kendi Postfix sunucunuzu kullan\u0131yorsan\u0131z, IP\u2019nize tan\u0131ml\u0131 <strong>PTR kayd\u0131<\/strong> (reverse DNS) kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir. PTR kay\u0131t de\u011feri:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Genellikle mail sunucunuzun FQDN\u2019i ile e\u015fle\u015fmelidir (\u00f6rn. mail.ornekalanadi.com).<\/li>\n<li>HELO\/EHLO s\u0131ras\u0131nda sunucunun kendini tan\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131 isimle uyumlu olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>PTR konusunda daha teknik bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dchost.com\/blog\/ptr-reverse-dns-kaydi-vps-ipniz-icin-dogru-ayar-ve-e-posta-teslimine-etkisi\/\">PTR kayd\u0131 ve e\u2011posta teslimine etkisi<\/a> ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6neririz.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Dedicated_IP_ve_IP_isitma_IP_warming\">Dedicated IP ve IP \u0131s\u0131tma (IP warming)<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Orta ve b\u00fcy\u00fck hacimli g\u00f6nderimlerde, IP itibar\u0131 do\u011frudan sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 belirler. Yeni bir IP adresiyle aniden on binlerce e\u2011posta g\u00f6ndermek, \u00e7o\u011fu b\u00fcy\u00fck sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fcnde sizi an\u0131nda \u015f\u00fcpheli yapar. Bu y\u00fczden:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00d6nce d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck hacimlerle ba\u015flay\u0131p,<\/li>\n<li>G\u00fcn g\u00fcn hacmi yava\u015f\u00e7a art\u0131rarak,<\/li>\n<li>Bounce oranlar\u0131n\u0131 ve spam \u015fik\u00e2yetlerini izleyerek<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>IP\u2019yi kontroll\u00fc \u015fekilde \u201c\u0131s\u0131tmak\u201d gerekir. Bu s\u00fcreci, pratik oranlar ve ger\u00e7ek d\u00fcnya \u00f6rnekleriyle birlikte <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dchost.com\/blog\/dedicated-ip-isitma-ve-e-posta-itibari-yonetimi\/\">Dedicated IP \u0131s\u0131tma ve e\u2011posta itibar\u0131 y\u00f6netimi rehberimizde<\/a> detayland\u0131rd\u0131k.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Spam_klasorunu_tetikleyen_yaygin_hatalar\">Spam klas\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc tetikleyen yayg\u0131n hatalar<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Mautic\/Listmonk taraf\u0131nda s\u0131k g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz hatalar:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Do\u011frulanmam\u0131\u015f alan ad\u0131 ile g\u00f6nderim yapmak,<\/li>\n<li>Eski, temizlenmemi\u015f listeler (y\u00fcksek bounce oran\u0131),<\/li>\n<li>Tek seferde \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck hacimde blast kampanyalar,<\/li>\n<li>IPS\/antispam filtrelerinin sevmedi\u011fi i\u00e7erik kal\u0131plar\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu konularda ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir kontrol listesi ar\u0131yorsan\u0131z, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dchost.com\/blog\/e-postalar-neden-spam-klasorune-dusuyor-paylasimli-hosting-ve-vps-icin-teslim-edilebilirlik-kontrol-listesi\/\">e\u2011postalar\u0131n neden spam klas\u00f6r\u00fcne d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z makale<\/a> iyi bir rehber olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Kendi_SMTP_Sunucunuzu_Kurmak_mi_Harici_Servis_mi\">Kendi SMTP Sunucunuzu Kurmak m\u0131, Harici Servis mi?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Mautic ve Listmonk, SMTP d\u00fczeyinde esnek olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in hem kendi MTA\u2019n\u0131z\u0131 kullanabilir hem de harici bir SMTP servisine ba\u011flanabilirsiniz. Karar verirken \u015funlar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurman\u0131z faydal\u0131:<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Kendi_Postfix_sunucunuz_tam_kontrol_daha_cok_sorumluluk\">Kendi Postfix sunucunuz (tam kontrol, daha \u00e7ok sorumluluk)<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Avantajlar\u0131:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Maliyet, y\u00fcksek hacimde \u00e7ok daha avantajl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>IP ve alan ad\u0131 itibar\u0131 tamamen sizin kontrol\u00fcn\u00fczdedir.<\/li>\n<li>Geli\u015fmi\u015f politikalar, rate limit, greylisting gibi kurallar\u0131 kendiniz tan\u0131mlayabilirsiniz.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Dezavantajlar\u0131:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>G\u00fcvenlik, spam filtreleme ve RBL takibi sizde.<\/li>\n<li>Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta IP \u0131s\u0131tma ve ayarlar\u0131n do\u011fru yap\u0131lmas\u0131 emek ister.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Postfix + Dovecot + rspamd ile modern bir e\u2011posta altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, IP \u0131s\u0131tma ad\u0131mlar\u0131yla birlikte kurmak i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dchost.com\/blog\/vpste-e%e2%80%91posta-sunucusu-kurulumu-postfix-dovecot-rspamd-ile-teslim-edilebilirlik-ve-ip-isitma-adim-adim\/\">VPS\u2019te e\u2011posta sunucusu kurulumu makalemiz<\/a> detayl\u0131 bir saha rehberi i\u015flevi g\u00f6r\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Harici_SMTP_servisi_daha_az_operasyon_daha_yuksek_birim_maliyet\">Harici SMTP servisi (daha az operasyon, daha y\u00fcksek birim maliyet)<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta teknik ekibi s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olan projeler i\u00e7in harici SMTP servisiyle ba\u015flamak mant\u0131kl\u0131 olabilir. Bu durumda:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Mautic\/Listmonk uygulamas\u0131n\u0131 DCHost VPS \u00fczerinde bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131r,<\/li>\n<li>SMTP ayarlar\u0131nda harici sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n verilerini tan\u0131mlars\u0131n\u0131z,<\/li>\n<li>IP itibar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 servis y\u00f6netir; siz i\u00e7erik ve liste temizli\u011fine odaklan\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0130leride hacim \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, <strong>karma model<\/strong> (g\u00fcnl\u00fck transactional e\u2011postalar harici servis, b\u00fcy\u00fck kampanyalar kendi SMTP sunucunuzdan) s\u0131k kullan\u0131lan bir stratejidir.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Kurulum_Yaklasimi_Paket_Kurulum_mu_Docker_mi\">Kurulum Yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131: Paket Kurulum mu, Docker m\u0131?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Mautic ve Listmonk\u2019u VPS \u00fczerinde aya\u011fa kald\u0131r\u0131rken \u00fc\u00e7 ana yakla\u015f\u0131m \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kar:<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"1_Dagitim_paketleriyle_klasik_kurulum\">1) Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m paketleriyle klasik kurulum<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Linux da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n (Ubuntu\/Debian vb.) paket y\u00f6neticisi ile Nginx\/Apache, PHP\u2011FPM, PostgreSQL\/MariaDB kurulur.<\/li>\n<li>Mautic PHP tabanl\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in web root dizinine yerle\u015ftirilir; Listmonk i\u00e7in binary ve systemd servisi tan\u0131mlan\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Avantaj\u0131: \u015eeffaf yap\u0131, debug ve tuning i\u015flemleri daha anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Dezavantaj\u0131: Uygulama ve ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n g\u00fcncellenmesi biraz daha manuel takip gerektirir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"2_Docker_tabanli_kurulum\">2) Docker tabanl\u0131 kurulum<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u00d6zellikle ayn\u0131 VPS \u00fczerinde birden fazla self\u2011hosted ara\u00e7 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak isteyen ekiplerde Docker tercih oran\u0131 y\u00fcksek. Temel mimari \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Mautic \/ Listmonk i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 container\u2019lar,<\/li>\n<li>Veritaban\u0131 i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 container,<\/li>\n<li>\u0130ste\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak Postfix, redis vb. ek container\u2019lar,<\/li>\n<li>Traefik veya Nginx Proxy Manager gibi bir reverse proxy katman\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Docker kullanman\u0131n art\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131, kal\u0131c\u0131 hacim (volume) tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ve zero\u2011downtime g\u00fcncellemeleri daha \u00f6nce <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dchost.com\/blog\/docker-ile-vpste-izole-uygulama-barindirma-adim-adim-rehber\/\">VPS\u2019te Docker ile izole uygulama bar\u0131nd\u0131rma rehberimizde<\/a> detayl\u0131 anlatt\u0131k; ayn\u0131 prensipler Mautic ve Listmonk i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erlidir.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"3_Yonetilen_kurulum_ve_bakim_Managed_VPS\">3) Y\u00f6netilen kurulum ve bak\u0131m (Managed VPS)<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Uygulaman\u0131n kendisine odaklanmak, sistem y\u00f6netimiyle u\u011fra\u015fmamak isteyenler i\u00e7in DCHost taraf\u0131nda sunulan y\u00f6netilen VPS\/dedicated modelleri \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Bu senaryoda:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0130\u015fletim sistemi, g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fcncellemeleri ve temel servisler DCHost ekibi taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilir,<\/li>\n<li>Siz Mautic\/Listmonk paneli, kampanyalar, segmentler ve entegrasyonlara odaklan\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z,<\/li>\n<li>Olas\u0131 performans sorunlar\u0131nda hem uygulama hem de alt katmanlar\u0131 birlikte incelemek \u00e7ok daha h\u0131zl\u0131 olur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"Guvenlik_MauticListmonk_Kurulumunu_Nasil_Sertlestirirsiniz\">G\u00fcvenlik: Mautic\/Listmonk Kurulumunu Nas\u0131l Sertle\u015ftirirsiniz?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>E\u2011posta pazarlama sistemi, veri hassasiyeti y\u00fcksek bir bile\u015fen: m\u00fc\u015fteri e\u2011postalar\u0131, t\u0131klama ge\u00e7mi\u015fi, segment bilgileri vb. Bu nedenle VPS g\u00fcvenli\u011fini \u201csonra bakar\u0131z\u201d kategorisine atmamak gerekiyor.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Ag_ve_erisim_guvenligi\">A\u011f ve eri\u015fim g\u00fcvenli\u011fi<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>G\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 (firewall):<\/strong> Sadece gerekli portlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131n (80\/443 HTTP(S), 22 SSH, 25\/587\/465 SMTP gerekiyorsa). Geri kalanlar\u0131 kapal\u0131 tutun.<\/li>\n<li><strong>SSH sertle\u015ftirme:<\/strong> Root ile do\u011frudan giri\u015fleri kapat\u0131n, anahtar tabanl\u0131 kimlik do\u011frulama kullan\u0131n, m\u00fcmk\u00fcnse farkl\u0131 bir SSH portu ve fail2ban ile brute\u2011force sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Y\u00f6netim paneli eri\u015fimi:<\/strong> Mautic\/Listmonk panelini IP k\u0131s\u0131tlama, basic auth veya VPN arkas\u0131na almak ciddi bir g\u00fcvenlik katman\u0131 kazand\u0131r\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu konular\u0131 ad\u0131m ad\u0131m uygulamak i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dchost.com\/blog\/vps-guvenlik-sertlestirme-kontrol-listesi-sshd_config-fail2ban-ve-root-erisimini-kapatmak\/\">VPS g\u00fcvenlik sertle\u015ftirme kontrol listesi<\/a> makalemizde detayl\u0131 bir rehber haz\u0131rlad\u0131k.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"HTTPS_ve_modern_TLS_ayarlari\">HTTPS ve modern TLS ayarlar\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>E\u2011posta pazarlama panelinizde oturum a\u00e7arken ve webhook\/API entegrasyonlar\u0131nda, mutlaka HTTPS kullanmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z. Let\u2019s Encrypt ile otomatik yenilenen sertifikalar ve modern TLS ayarlar\u0131 (TLS 1.2\/1.3, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u015fifre k\u00fcmeleri) a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki kazan\u0131mlar\u0131 sa\u011flar:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Oturum \u00e7erezlerinin ve giri\u015f bilgilerinin korunmas\u0131,<\/li>\n<li>3. parti entegrasyonlarda veri b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve gizlilik,<\/li>\n<li>Taray\u0131c\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik uyar\u0131lar\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131nma.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Let\u2019s Encrypt otomasyonunu cPanel\/DirectAdmin veya Nginx \u00fczerinde kurmak i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dchost.com\/blog\/lets-encrypt-ile-ucretsiz-ssl-sertifikasi-kurulumu-cpanel-ve-directadminde-otomatik-yenileme-rehberi\/\">\u00fccretsiz SSL sertifikas\u0131 kurulum rehberimizi<\/a> kullanabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Gizli_anahtarlar_ve_env_yonetimi\">Gizli anahtarlar ve .env y\u00f6netimi<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Mautic veya Listmonk konfig\u00fcrasyon dosyalar\u0131nda; SMTP \u015fifreleri, API token\u2019lar\u0131, entegrasyon secret\u2019lar\u0131 gibi hassas veriler bulunur. Bunlar\u0131:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Repo d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, yetkisi s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n eri\u015febildi\u011fi dizinlerde,<\/li>\n<li>Do\u011fru dosya izinleri ile (600\/640),<\/li>\n<li>Varsa ayr\u0131 bir secrets y\u00f6netim katman\u0131 \u00fczerinden<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>tutmak gerekir. Bu alanda nelere dikkat etmeniz gerekti\u011fini <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dchost.com\/blog\/vpste-env-ve-gizli-anahtar-yonetimi\/\">VPS\u2019te .env ve gizli anahtar y\u00f6netimi rehberimizde<\/a> pratik \u00f6rneklerle anlatt\u0131k.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Bakim_Guncellemeler_ve_Yedekleme_Stratejisi\">Bak\u0131m, G\u00fcncellemeler ve Yedekleme Stratejisi<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Self\u2011hosted bir e\u2011posta pazarlama altyap\u0131s\u0131nda en \u00e7ok ihmal edilen konu, d\u00fczenli bak\u0131m ve yedekler oluyor. Oysa en k\u00f6t\u00fc senaryoda bile \u201cmaksimum \u015fu kadar veri kayb\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6ze al\u0131r\u0131m\u201d diyece\u011finiz net bir RPO\/RTO tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131z olmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Uygulama_ve_sistem_guncellemeleri\">Uygulama ve sistem g\u00fcncellemeleri<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Mautic\/Listmonk s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerini, g\u00fcvenlik yamalar\u0131n\u0131 ve veritaban\u0131 g\u00fcncellemelerini takip edin.<\/li>\n<li>\u00d6nce staging ortam\u0131nda test edip, ard\u0131ndan canl\u0131ya ge\u00e7in. (\u00d6zellikle Mautic s\u00fcr\u00fcm ge\u00e7i\u015flerinde schema de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri kritik olabilir.)<\/li>\n<li>Linux da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fcncellemelerini d\u00fczenli cron job\u2019larla veya y\u00f6netilen VPS hizmetiyle otomatik takip edin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"Veritabani_ve_dosya_yedekleri\">Veritaban\u0131 ve dosya yedekleri<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>En az\u0131ndan \u015fu iki katman\u0131 d\u00fczenli yedeklemeniz \u015fart:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Mautic\/Listmonk veritabanlar\u0131 (MySQL\/MariaDB\/PostgreSQL dump veya snapshot),<\/li>\n<li>Uygulama dosyalar\u0131 ve konfig\u00fcrasyonlar (.env, config dosyalar\u0131, cron ayarlar\u0131).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Yedekleri ayn\u0131 sunucuda de\u011fil, farkl\u0131 bir disk havuzunda veya object storage \u00fczerinde tutmak en sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. DCHost taraf\u0131nda bu ihtiyaca uygun olarak <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dchost.com\/blog\/object-storagea-otomatik-yedek-alma-rclone-restic-ve-cron-ile-cpanel-vps-yedekleri\/\">rclone ve restic ile object storage\u2019a otomatik yedek alma<\/a> konusunu detayland\u0131rd\u0131k; ayn\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 Mautic\/Listmonk i\u00e7in de uygulayabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Ajanslar_ve_SaaS_Projeleri_Icin_MultiTenant_Senaryolar\">Ajanslar ve SaaS Projeleri \u0130\u00e7in Multi\u2011Tenant Senaryolar<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>E\u011fer bir dijital ajanssan\u0131z veya kendi m\u00fc\u015fterileriniz i\u00e7in \u00e7ok kirac\u0131l\u0131 (multi\u2011tenant) bir SaaS kuruyorsan\u0131z, Mautic\/Listmonk\u2019u tek bir VPS\u2019e kurup birden fazla alan ad\u0131 ve hesap y\u00f6netmek s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen bir senaryo.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Tek_uygulama_cok_alan_adi\">Tek uygulama, \u00e7ok alan ad\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>En basit modelde:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Tek bir Mautic\/Listmonk kurulumu vard\u0131r,<\/li>\n<li>Her m\u00fc\u015fteri i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 domain veya subdomain tan\u0131mlan\u0131r (mail.musteri1.com, mail.musteri2.com vb.),<\/li>\n<li>Her alan ad\u0131 i\u00e7in SPF, DKIM, DMARC ve g\u00f6nderen kimli\u011fi ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu yap\u0131da, DNS ve e\u2011posta do\u011frulama ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 hatas\u0131z y\u00f6netmek kritik hale geliyor. Ajanslar i\u00e7in alan ad\u0131 ve DNS eri\u015fim y\u00f6netimini sade ve g\u00fcvenli \u015fekilde kurgulamak i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dchost.com\/blog\/ajanslar-icin-dns-ve-alan-adi-erisimi-yonetimi\/\">ajanslara y\u00f6nelik DNS ve domain eri\u015fim rehberimizi<\/a> okuyabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Kaynak_izolasyonu_ve_limitler\">Kaynak izolasyonu ve limitler<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Multi\u2011tenant yap\u0131larda bir di\u011fer risk, tek bir m\u00fc\u015fterinin t\u00fcm CPU\/RAM veya SMTP kapasitesini t\u00fcketmesidir. Bu y\u00fczden:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Her m\u00fc\u015fteri i\u00e7in g\u00f6nderim h\u0131z\u0131 (saatlik\/dakikal\u0131k limit) tan\u0131mlay\u0131n,<\/li>\n<li>Gerekiyorsa ayr\u0131 IP havuzlar\u0131 veya en az\u0131ndan ayr\u0131 alan adlar\u0131 kullan\u0131n,<\/li>\n<li>Disk ve veritaban\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 periyodik raporlarla izleyin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu tarz \u00e7ok kirac\u0131l\u0131 yap\u0131lara \u00f6zellikle KOB\u0130 ve SaaS projeleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan geni\u015f bir \u00e7er\u00e7eveden bakmak isterseniz <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dchost.com\/blog\/saas-uygulamalari-icin-cok-kiracili-mimari-turleri-ve-dogru-hosting-altyapisi-secimi\/\">SaaS i\u00e7in \u00e7ok kirac\u0131l\u0131 mimari ve hosting se\u00e7imi rehberimiz<\/a> strateji belirlemenize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"DCHost_Uzerinde_Onerilen_Mimariler\">DCHost \u00dczerinde \u00d6nerilen Mimariler<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u00d6zetle, Mautic veya Listmonk ile yola \u00e7\u0131karken DCHost taraf\u0131nda en s\u0131k \u00f6nerdi\u011fimiz \u00fc\u00e7 temel mimari \u015funlar:<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"1_BaslangicKOBI_mimarisi\">1) Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7\/KOB\u0130 mimarisi<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Tek DCHost NVMe VPS (2\u20134 vCPU, 4\u20138 GB RAM),<\/li>\n<li>Mautic\/Listmonk + veritaban\u0131 ayn\u0131 VPS \u00fczerinde,<\/li>\n<li>Harici SMTP servisi veya hafif Postfix kurulumu,<\/li>\n<li>Let\u2019s Encrypt ile HTTPS, temel firewall ve SSH sertle\u015ftirme.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu model, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck\/orta \u00f6l\u00e7ekli listeler i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetli ama esnek bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 sa\u011flar. Trafik artt\u0131k\u00e7a, veritaban\u0131n\u0131 veya SMTP\u2019yi ayr\u0131 sunuculara ta\u015f\u0131man\u0131z kolay olur.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"2_Buyuyen_projeler_icin_ayrismis_mimari\">2) B\u00fcy\u00fcyen projeler i\u00e7in ayr\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f mimari<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>VPS #1: Uygulama (Mautic\/Listmonk) \u2013 4 vCPU, 8 GB RAM<\/li>\n<li>VPS #2: Veritaban\u0131 \u2013 4\u20138 vCPU, 8\u201316 GB RAM, y\u00fcksek IOPS NVMe<\/li>\n<li>VPS #3: Postfix tabanl\u0131 mail sunucusu \u2013 4 vCPU, 8 GB RAM, birden fazla dedicated IP<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu mimari, ayl\u0131k y\u00fcz binlerce\/milyonlarca e\u2011posta g\u00f6nderen projelerde esneklik ve performans getirir. Gerekirse veritaban\u0131 taraf\u0131na replikasyon ekleyerek, raporlama ve canl\u0131 trafi\u011fi birbirinden ay\u0131rabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"3_Cok_buyuk_hacimli_ve_kritik_sistemler_icin_dedicatedcolocation\">3) \u00c7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck hacimli ve kritik sistemler i\u00e7in dedicated\/colocation<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>G\u00fcnl\u00fck milyonlarca e\u2011posta g\u00f6nderen, kritik SLA hedefleri olan projelerde ise:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Y\u00fcksek \u00e7ekirdek say\u0131l\u0131 dedicated sunucular veya<\/li>\n<li>Kendi sunucunuzu veri merkezimize getirerek <strong>colocation<\/strong> hizmeti alma<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>daha mant\u0131kl\u0131 hale gelir. Bu seviyede:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Disk altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 (NVMe\/SAS, RAID, yedek depolama),<\/li>\n<li>A\u011f topolojisini (yedekli uplink, DDoS korumas\u0131),<\/li>\n<li>Yedekleme ve felaket kurtarma senaryolar\u0131n\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>DCHost m\u00fchendisleriyle birlikte detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde tasarl\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Ozet_ve_Sonraki_Adimlar\">\u00d6zet ve Sonraki Ad\u0131mlar<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Mautic ve Listmonk gibi self\u2011hosted e\u2011posta pazarlama ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kendi VPS\u2019inizde bar\u0131nd\u0131rmak, do\u011fru kurguland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda size \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00fcy\u00fck avantaj sa\u011flar: maliyette ciddi tasarruf, veri \u00fczerinde tam kontrol ve teslim edilebilirli\u011fi ger\u00e7ekten anlay\u0131p y\u00f6netebilme imk\u00e2n\u0131. Bunun kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ise DNS, IP itibar\u0131, g\u00fcvenlik ve bak\u0131m konular\u0131nda bilin\u00e7li hareket etmeniz gerekiyor.<\/p>\n<p>Bu yaz\u0131da DCHost taraf\u0131nda sahada en s\u0131k g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz sorular\u0131 ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri toparlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131k: <strong>do\u011fru VPS boyutland\u0131rma, SPF\/DKIM\/DMARC ve PTR ayarlar\u0131, IP \u0131s\u0131tma, Postfix\/harici SMTP se\u00e7imi, g\u00fcvenlik sertle\u015ftirme, yedekleme ve multi\u2011tenant senaryolar<\/strong>. Bir sonraki ad\u0131mda;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Mevcut veya planlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z liste hacmine g\u00f6re bir kapasite plan\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karabilir,<\/li>\n<li>Alan ad\u0131n\u0131z i\u00e7in SPF, DKIM ve DMARC kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edebilir,<\/li>\n<li>DCHost \u00fczerinden ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131za uygun VPS, dedicated veya colocation opsiyonlar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirip,<\/li>\n<li>Kurulum ve mimari tasar\u0131m i\u00e7in teknik ekibimizden destek alabilirsiniz.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>E\u011fer halihaz\u0131rda ba\u015fka bir sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Mautic\/Listmonk kurulumunuz varsa ve DCHost altyap\u0131s\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131may\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsan\u0131z, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dchost.com\/blog\/paylasimli-hostingden-vpse-sorunsuz-gecis-rehberi\/\">payla\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 hosting\u2019den VPS\u2019e sorunsuz ge\u00e7i\u015f rehberimizde anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ta\u015f\u0131ma ve DNS stratejilerini<\/a> bu senaryoya da uyarlayabilirsiniz. T\u00fcm bu s\u00fcreci sizin i\u00e7in m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca kesintisiz ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir hale getirmek i\u00e7in buraday\u0131z.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130&ccedil;indekiler1 Mautic ve Listmonk\u2019u Neden Kendi VPS\u2019inizde Bar\u0131nd\u0131rmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z?2 Mautic ve Listmonk\u2019un Teknik Mimarisi: VPS\u2019e Nas\u0131l Oturur?2.1 Temel bile\u015fenler2.2 Tek VPS senaryosu (k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve orta \u00f6l\u00e7ekli listeler)2.3 Uygulama ve e\u2011posta altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ay\u0131rmak (b\u00fcy\u00fcyen hacimler)3 Kaynak Planlama: Mautic ve Listmonk \u0130\u00e7in Ka\u00e7 vCPU, Ne Kadar RAM?3.1 \u00d6rnek boyutland\u0131rma senaryolar\u01313.2 RAM ve CPU t\u00fcketimini etkileyen fakt\u00f6rler4 Teslim Edilebilirlik: [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4519,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4518","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-teknoloji"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dchost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4518","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dchost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dchost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dchost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dchost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4518"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.dchost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4518\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dchost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4519"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dchost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4518"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dchost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4518"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dchost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4518"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}